Ambient-Oriented Programming

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====== Mobile Social Networking ======


===== Scripting Mobile Social Applications =====

The recent profusion of mobile devices such as the iPhone and Android-powered smartphones has given rise to a new type of applications that exploit the physical location of users to help people interact //on the move//, so-called //mobile social networking// applications. Developing such highly distributed, location-dependent applications is a challenge. 

In this work we propose Urbiflock, a software platform for the development of mobile social applications running on Android phones interacting via wireless networks. The framework is built on the concept of flocks, a declarative representation of user groups. Flocks represent the user’s social network in terms of intensionally specified sets. To interact and exchange data with these sets the framework incorporates a tuple-based communication library. 

===== What is Urbiflock? =====

Urbiflock is a Facebook-like application framework for mobile devices. As in Facebook, users that join Urbiflock can meet other users and interact with them. For example users may broadcast announcements to each other, they can browse one another’s profile, launch interactive polls, etc. The framework takes care of managing a user’s social networks, called “flocks”. A flock represents a loosely-defined group of users. A flock can be compared to a Facebook group (for example, a group of your old classmates), but it additionally allows for the definition of groups of proximate flockrs (for example, a group of all of your friends that are currently nearby).

Users can also build applications and plug them into the Urbiflock framework. Several core applications are currently available in the Urbiflock framework, such as flock creators and profile viewers. The framework also counts with two user applications //I rate you (IR8U)// that allows users to ask proximate users to rate them on a certain subject, and //Guanotes// that allows user to send message to each other.  

===== Terminology =====

  * Flockr: a user of the Urbiflock framework
  * Flock: a group of users
  * To flock: to become part of a group

===== Demo =====

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===== Target Platforms =====

The Urbiflock framework has been written in the AmbientTalk language. As such, no configuration is required to be able to quickly script new applications on it once AmbientTalk is running on the target platform. 

AmbientTalk runs on a regular J2SE Java Virtual 
Machine supporting version 1.3 or higher, Java 2 micro edition (J2ME) platform, under the connected device configuration (CDC), and Android Platform version 1.6 or higher. 

We have implemented a AWT UI interface for Urbiflock's deployment on HTC touch cruise phones running J2ME. In order to configure your HTC Touch device for our framework you can follow the instruction [[at:amophtc|here]].

{{:uf:urbiflockonx10.jpg?160X190 |  Urbiflock running on a X10 mini }}

We are currently working on an Android UI interface for Urbiflock's  deployment on a number of Android phones ( HTC Hero, Legend and Desire, and Sony Xperia X10 series). 

The Urbiflock framework is available in the AmbientTalk distribution library under the frameworks/ folder. Visit  [[http://code.google.com/p/ambienttalk/|our google code repository]] to download the AmbientTalk distribution.

===== The Urbiflock framework architecture =====

The architecture of the Urbiflock framework shown below is divided in three layers: applications, Urbiflock core, and Urbiflock infrastructure. 
{{ :uf:urbiflock_architecture.png?375x400 |:uf:urbiflock_architecture.png}}

The application layer includes the API of an "application object" to be plugged in the framework. There exists several core applications:
    * [[uf:viewer|Flock Viewer]]: a viewer and editor to view existing flocks and to create new flocks.
    * [[uf:profile_viewer|Profile Viewer]]: a viewer and editor to view existing flockr profiles and to update your profile.
    * [[uf:app_viewer|Application Viewer]]: a viewer and editor to view existing applications and install/delete them.

There are also several user applications in the framework:
    * [[uf:guanotes|Guanotes]]: a messenger application that sends post-its to flocks.
    * [[uf:ir8u|IR8U]]: an application that allows users to ask proximate users to rate them on a certain subject.
    * [[uf:iflocku|IFlockU]] (Coming): a friend suggestor based on profile similarity and time spent in proximity.

The Urbiflock's core is composed of three main facilities specially designed to enable social interactivity and deal with the highly dynamic environment to which mobile devices exposes them: flockr, user profile and the TOTAM framework for flock communications. 

  * [[uf:flockr|Flockr]]: A flockr represents a user in the framework. A flockr is also the gateway that other applications can use to get information about the user or about the applications that the user has installed.
  * [[uf:profiles|User Profile]]: Profiles in Urbiflock represent the user identity (e.g. name, gender, hobbies, etc.).

  * [[uf:flock|Flock]]: a loosely defined group of users. It is an alternative representation of user groups that allows the semantic specification of user groups in a modular manner and manages the constant changes of the group's contents in mobile social networking applications in an event-driven way. A basic flock is defined in terms of a characteristic function. Basic flocks can be composed to form more complex flocks (e.g. "nearby flockrs who like Belgian beers" can be defined by composing the "nearby" flock and a flock with "people who like Belgian beers").
  * [[uf:proximities|Characteristic Functions]]: "functions" that determine whether or not a user belongs to a Flock.
  * [[uf:totam|TOTAM]]: tuple-based middleware for flock communication.

The infrastructure layer consists of three low-level abstractions on which the framework core is based: a RETE engine which orchestrates the flock composition, and the service discovery and communication APIs to discover and communicate with nearby applications, respectively. 

===== Further Reading =====

**Flocks: Enabling Dynamic Group Interactions in Mobile Social Networking Applications**. E. Gonzalez Boix, A. Lombide Carreton, C. Scholliers, T. Van Cutsem, W. De Meuter, T. D'Hondt. To appear in Mobile Computing and Applications Track at 26th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC 2011), ACM, Taiwan, March 2011. ([[http://soft.vub.ac.be/Publications/2010/vub-tr-soft-10-20.pdf|pdf]])